Professor Wagner’s research inserts legal scholarship at the front-end of scientific discovery and shapes matters of law and policy with a transdisciplinary approach. He is a leading expert in the fields of international law and comparative constitutional law.

Latest Publications

• Trump Tariffs Threaten Global SecurityApril 3, 2025
  Trump Tariffs Threaten Global Security, ABC Radio PM, 3 April 2025.
• The Global Impact of the Trump TariffsApril 3, 2025
  The Global Impact of the Trump Tariffs, The Panel, Radio New Zealand, 3 April 2025.
• Handelskrieg 2.0? Trumps neue Zölle und die Folgen für AustralienApril 3, 2025
  Handelskrieg 2.0? Trumps neue Zölle und die Folgen für Australien (Trade War 2.0? Trump’s New Tariffs… Read more: Handelskrieg 2.0? Trumps neue Zölle und die Folgen für Australien
• Trump’s War on the US JudiciaryApril 1, 2025
  Trump’s War on the US Judiciary, ABC Radio National, 1 April 2025.
• These 3 Arguments Are Part of the Long Game in Trump’s Trade WarsMarch 31, 2025
  These 3 Arguments Are Part of the Long Game in Trump’s Trade Wars, The Conversation, 31… Read more: These 3 Arguments Are Part of the Long Game in Trump’s Trade Wars
• The Civic Podcast: Law(yers) in the Firing Line with Professor David LubanMarch 29, 2025
  In this episode, co-hosts David Turner and Markus Wagner dive into the Trump administration’s escalating conflicts… Read more: The Civic Podcast: Law(yers) in the Firing Line with Professor David Luban

Journals & Book Chapters

1. The SPS Agreement: Navigating Food Safety and International Trade, Book Review: Lukasz Gruszczynski & Joanne Scott, The WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures: A Commentary, 2^nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2023, Journal of International Economic Law (2025).
2. Country Report: Australia, Krista Nadakavukaren and Rodrigo Polanco (eds), Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, Elgar Edward 2024 (forthcoming), draft available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4411252.
3. Weaponised Trade: A New Concept for an Increasingly Complex World, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung Regional Programme Australia and the Pacific, Periscope Analysis Briefs, December 2022, available at https://periscopekasaustralia.com.au/briefs/weaponised-trade-a-new-concept-for-anincreasingly-complex-world. 
4. Weaponised Trade: Mapping the Issues for Australia, 2022, available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4154030 (co-authored with Lisa Toohey, Elizabeth Thurbon, Elizabeth Sheargold, Liam Mackay).
5. Article 2 of the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, in: Markus Wagner, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Holger Hestermeyer (eds), Commentaries on World Trade Law: Volume 4 – Technical Barriers and SPS Measures, 2^nd ed., Brill 2022.
6. Article XIII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in: Laura Wanner, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Holger Hestermeyer (eds), Commentaries on World Trade Law: Volume 1 – Institutions and Dispute Settlement, 2^nd ed., Brill 2022, 210, available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3663013.
7. Article III of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in: Laura Wanner, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Holger Hestermeyer (eds), Commentaries on World Trade Law: Volume 1 – Institutions and Dispute Settlement, 2^nd ed., Brill 2022, 29, available at https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=3676816.
8. Article I of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in: Laura Wanner, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Holger Hestermeyer (eds), Commentaries on World Trade Law: Volume 1 –  Institutions and Dispute Settlement, 2^nd ed., Brill 2022, 13, available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3662023.
9. SPS: International Standards, in: Encyclopedia of Environmental Law, Panos Delimatsis and Leonie Reins (eds), Edward Elgar, 2022, available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=3645563.
10. WTO Panels, in: Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law (MPEiPro), Hélène Ruiz Fabri (ed), Oxford University Press, 2021, available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3645563.
11. The Impending Demise of the WTO Appellate Body: From Centrepiece to Historical Relic?, in: Chang-fa Lo, Junji Nakagawa and Tsai-fang Chen, The Appellate Body of the WTO and Its Reform, Springer, 2019, 67, available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3399300.
12. The Rise of Preferential Trade Agreement in Global Economic Governance – An Introduction, 20(5) Journal of World Investment and Trade 629 (2019) (with Caroline Henckels), available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=3419839.
13. The Future of SPS Governance: SPS-Plus or SPS-Minus?, 51:3 Journal of World Trade 445 (2017), available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=2946582.
14. Book Review: Rieke Arendt, Völkerrechtliche Probleme beim Einsatz autonomer Waffensysteme (International Law Problems in Deploying Autonomous Weapon Systems), 4/2017 Vereinte Nationen 188, available at https://zeitschrift-vereinte-nationen.de/fileadmin/publications/PDFs/Zeitschrift_VN/VN_2017/Heft_4_2017/15_Buch_Wagner_4-2017_7-8-2017_final_web.pdf.
15. International (Criminal) Law Aspects of Autonomous Weapon Systems (German title: (Völker(straf)rechtliche Überlegungen zu autonomen Waffensystemen), in: Walter Gropp et al. (eds), Gießener Gedächtnisschrift für Günter Heine, 2016, 355.
16. Autonomous Weapon Systems, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Oxford University Press, 2016, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2786136.
17. The Future of Combat? Autonomous Weapon Systems as a Challenge for International Law (Die Zukunft der Kriegsführung? Autonome Waffensysteme als Herausforderung für das Völkerrecht), Vereinte Nationen 2/2016, 73, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2781118.
18. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Oxford University Press, 2015, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2584652.  
19. Regulatory Space in International Trade Law and International Investment Law, 36 University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law 1 (2014-2015), available at https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2403959.  
20. The Dehumanization of International Humanitarian Law: Legal, Ethical and Political Implications of Autonomous Weapon Systems, 47 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 1371 (2014), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2541628.
21. WTO Law and the Right to Regulate: China – Rare Earths, 18:10 ASIL Insight, 28 April 2014, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract =2431462.
22. Legal Perspectives and Regulatory Philosophies on Natural Monopolies in the United States and Germany,in: Günther Schulz, Mathias Schmoeckel and William J. Hausman (eds), Regulation between Legal Norms and Economic Reality – Intentions, Effects, and Adaption: The German and American Experiences (Rechtsordnung und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, vol. 8), 2014, 53-74, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2051151.
23. International Standards, in: Michael Trebilcock and Tracey Epps (eds), TBT Agreement, Edward Elgar Research Handbook Series, 2013, 238, available at http://ssrn.com/ abstract =2238478.
24. Beyond the Drone Debate: Autonomy in Tomorrow’s Battlespace, American Society of International Law – Confronting Complexity: Proceedings of the 106^th Annual Meeting 80 (2013).
25. Autonomy in the Battlespace: Independently Operating Weapon Systems and the Law of Armed Conflict, in: Dan Saxon (ed.), International Humanitarian Law and the Changing Technology of War, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2013, 99, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2211036.  
26. Conceptualizing the Shapeshifting Nature of Investment Law(yers): A Response to Jason Yackee’s Controlling the International Investment Law Agency, in 54 Harvard Journal of International Law online 38 (2012), 38-58, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract =2193814.
27. Taking Interdependence Seriously: Reassessing the Precautionary Principle in International Trade Law, 20 Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law 713(2012), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract =1588306.
28. Transnational Legal Communication: A Partial Legacy of Supreme Court President Aharon Barak, 46 Tulsa Law Review 437 (2012), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract =2139053.
29. Non-State Actors, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Oxford University Press, 2012, Volume VII, 741, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=2661832.
30. Temple of Preah Vihear Case, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Oxford University Press, 2012, Volume IX, 841, available at www.mpepil.com.
    • Update subsequent to 2011 Request for Interpretation of the 1962 Judgment by the International Court of Justice, 2013 (January 2020).
    • Update subsequent to the indication of provisional measures by the International Court of Justice, October 2011 (January 2013).
31. Taking Humans Out of the Loop: Implications for International Humanitarian Law – A Response to Brendan Gogarty and Meredith Hagger, 21 Journal of Law, Information and Science 155 (2011/2012), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1874039.
32. Law Talk v. Science Talk: The Languages of Law and Science in WTO Proceedings, 35 Fordham International Law Journal 151 (2011), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1966055.
33. Book Review: Thomas Cottier, Olga Nartova & Sadeq Z. Bigdeli (eds.), International Trade Regulation and the Mitigation of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 2009, in: 5 Global Trade and Customs Journal 205 (2010), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract =1591380.
34. Article XIX GATT, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum and Peter-Tobias Stoll (eds), 5 Max Planck Commentaries on World Trade Law – Trade in Goods, 2010, 445 (with Jacques Bourgeois).
35. Article 16 Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Michael Köbele (eds), 4 Max Planck Commentaries on World Trade Law – Trade Remedies, 2008, 627 (with Jacques Bourgeois).
36. Article 11 Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Michael Köbele (eds), 4 Max Planck Commentaries on World Trade Law – Trade Remedies, 2008, 562 (with Jacques Bourgeois).
37. Report on Consultation, Prior Information and Environmental Impact Assessment, in: Ole-Kristian Fauchald and Jacob Werksman (eds), 15 Yearbook of International Environmental Law 221 (2006).
38. Article XIII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Karen Kaiser (eds), 2 Max Planck Commentaries on World Trade Law – Institutions and Dispute Settlement, 2006, 153 (with Armin von Bogdandy).
39. Article III of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Karen Kaiser (eds), 2 Max Planck Commentaries on World Trade Law – Institutions and Dispute Settlement, 2006, 28 (with Armin von Bogdandy).
40. Article I of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in: Rüdiger Wolfrum, Peter-Tobias Stoll and Karen Kaiser (eds), 2 Max Planck Commentaries on World Trade Law – Institutions and Dispute Settlement, 2006, 17 (with Armin von Bogdandy).
41. The Development of the WTO – Remarks on the Sutherland Report, 2 International Organizations Law Review 167-176 (2005) (with Armin von Bogdandy), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1586573.
    • reprinted in: “The ‘Sutherland Report’ on WTO Reform – A Critical Appraisal”, 3 World Trade Review 439-447 (2005).
42. Report on Consultation, Prior Information and Environmental Impact Assessment, in: Geir Ulfstein and Jacob Werksman (eds), 14 Yearbook of International Environmental Law 246 (2005).
43. Book Review: Sanford Levinson, Torture: A Collection, in: Deutsch-Amerikanische Juristenvereinigung Newsletter 35 (1/2005), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1586571.
44. There is no place for the State in the Bedroom of the Nation (Cont’d) – or: Same-sex Marriages in Canada (German title: There is no place for the State in the Bedroom of the Nation, Die Fortsetzung – oder: Die gleichgeschlechtliche Ehe in Kanada), Zeitschrift für Kanada-Studien 143 (2004).
45. Country Report: Canada, in: Christian Walter/Silja Vöneky/Volker Röben/Frank Schorkopf (eds), Terrorism as a Challenge for National and International Law: Security versus Liberty?, Berlin – Heidelberg, 2004, 173, available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1586568.
46. Economic Sanctions Imposed by the Security Council in the Fight Against Terrorism (Wirtschaftliche Maßnahmen zur Terrorismusbekämpfung durch den Sicherheitsrat), in: Marc Bungenberg/Karl M. Meessen (eds), International Economic Law after September 11 (Internationales Wirtschaftsrecht im Schatten des 11. September 2001), Stuttgart 2004, 183.
47. Crimes Under the ICC-Statute, in: Compendium for Participants, Seminar Series, Information and Ratification Campaign on the International Criminal Court in Central Asian Countries and Mongolia, Cologne, 2004, 32.
48. The ICC and Its Jurisdiction – Myths, Misperceptions and Realities, in: Armin von Bogdandy and Rüdiger Wolfrum (eds), 7 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law 409 (2004), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1586566.
49. The Security Council’s Economic Measures in the Aftermath of September 11, 2001 from an International Law Perspective – From Economic Sanctions to International Economic Law Making? (Die wirtschaftlichen Maßnahmen des Sicherheitsrates nach dem 11. September 2001 im völkerrechtlichen Kontext – Von Wirtschaftssanktionen zur Wirtschaftsgesetzgebung?), 63 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht – Heidelberg Journal of International Law 879 (2003), available at http://www.zaoerv.de/63_2003/63_2003_4_a_879_920.pdf.
50. The Justification of Torture. Some Remarks on Alan M. Dershowitz‘s Why Terrorism Works, 4 German Law Journal 515 (2003), available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1586564.
    • reprinted in: 63 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht – Heidelberg Journal of International Law 817 (2003).
51. Book Review: Helmut Volger, A Concise Encyclopedia of the United Nations, Den Haag: Kluwer Law International, 2002, in: 62 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht – Heidelberg Journal of International Law 1152 (2002).
52. Book Review: Christian Tomuschat, Völkerrecht, Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2001, in: 62 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht – Heidelberg Journal of International Law 1151 (2002).
53. Book Review: Lucius Caflisch/Torsten Stein/Christian Tomuschat, Eingriff in die inneren Angelegenheiten fremder Staaten zum Zwecke des Menschenrechtsschutzes, Heidelberg: C.F. Müller, 2002, 62 Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht – Heidelberg Journal of International Law 1142 (2002).
54. The Procedure before the International Criminal Court – With a View to the Rights and Obligations of the Parties (Das Verfahren vor dem Internationalen Strafgerichtshof unter Berücksichtigung der Rechte und Pflichten der Verfahrensbeteiligten), in: The International Criminal Court – An Introduction (Der Internationale Strafgerichtshof (IStGH) – Eine Einführung), Frankfurt, 2000, 82.
55. The First Year of UNMIK (Das erste Jahr der UNMIK), 48 Vereinte Nationen 132 (2000).
56. Corporate Criminal Liability – National and International Responses, 25 Commonwealth Law Bulletin 600 (1999), available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract=3415253.

Blog Posts

1. These 3 Arguments Are Part of the Long Game in Trump’s Trade Wars, The Conversation, 31 March 2025.
2. Trump’s 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico amp up the risk of a broader trade war, The Conversation, 1 February 2025.
3. With Trump Returning to the White House, What Will Happen to His Court Cases?, The Conversation, 8 November 2024.
4. In 2020, Trump Went to the Courts After Losing. This Time, the Legal Challenges Have Already Started, The Conversation, 28 October 2024.
5. A Road to Rapprochement for Australia–China Relations, East Asia Forum, 5 July 2022, (co-authored with Lisa Toohey and Weihuan Zhou).
6. World Trade Organization steps back from the brink of irrelevance – but it’s not fixed yet, The Conversation, 22 June 2022 (co-authored with Weihuan Zhou).
7. Investment Issues and Economic Sanctions Following Russian Aggression in Ukraine, Transnational Dispute Management, April 2022 (co-authored with J. Benton Heath).
8. Morrison’s dilemma: Australia needs a dual strategy for its trade relationship with China, The Conversation, 10 June 2021 (co-authored with Weihuan Zhou).
9. Impeaching Trump a second time is a complex and politically risky act. Here’s how it could work, The Conversation, 11 January 2021.
10. What’s behind Trump’s refusal to concede? For Republicans, the end game is Georgia and control of the Senate, The Conversation, 12 November 2020.
11. It’s Hard to Tell Why China Is Targeting Australian Wine. There Are Two Possibilities, The Conversation, 20 August 2020 (co-authored with Weihuan Zhou).
12. Key Trade Rules Will Become Unenforceable from Midnight: Australia Should be Worried, The Conversation, 10 December 2019 (co-authored with Lisa Toohey).
13. The WTO Dispute Settlement System: Just another Victim on the Road to Tomorrow’s GATT?, International Law Association Reporter, 9 July 2019 (co-authored with Weihuan Zhou).
14. The Impending Demise of the WTO Appellate Body: From Centrepiece to Historical Relic?, International Economic Law and Policy Blog, 27 June 2019.
15. Teaching IEL in Africa: My Experience at the Trade Policy Training Center in Africa (TRAPCA), AfronomicsLaw, 10 May 2019.
16. How Law and Autonomy (Should) Interact in War and Peace, New Technologies Symposium, opinio juris, 9 May 2019.
17. Moving Trade into the 21st Century: Towards a More Inclusive Trade Agenda?, EJIL: Talk!, 21 April 2017.

Editorship

1. Volume Editor (series editors Peter-Tobias Stoll & Holger Hestermeyer), Commentaries on World Trade Law: Volume 4 Technical Barriers and SPS Measures, 2^nd ed., Brill, 2023.
2. Special Issue Co-Editor (with Caroline Henckels), 20(5) The Rise of Preferential Trade Agreements in Global Economic Governance, The Journal of World Investment and Trade (2019).
3. Co-Editor (with Jan Clauss, Hans Born, Lothar Rieth, Marin Scheid und Wolfhart Saul), Compendium for Participants, Seminar Series, Information and Ratification Campaign on the International Criminal Court in Central Asian Countries and Mongolia, Cologne 2004.
4. Associate Editor (with Armin von Bogdandy and J.H.H. Weiler), European Integration – The New German Scholarship, Jean Monnet Working Papers Series No. 9/03.

Submissions & White Papers

1. Asia-Pacific Society of Cellular Agriculture and Good Food Institute Asia Pacific, APAC Regulatory Coordination Forum, Cell Line Development White Paper, 1 November 2024.
2. From Food Security v. Food Safety to Sustainable Food Systems in International Trade Law and Governance, G20 / T20 Policy Brief, October 2024 (with Vishakha Srivastava and Ashutosh Kashyap).
3. Weaponised Trade: Mapping the Issues for Australia, Grant Agreement 202021-0237 Australia and Weaponised Trade: Threats and Responses, 30 June 2022 (co-authored with Lisa Toohey, Elizabeth Thurbon, Elizabeth Sheargold and Liam Mackay).
4. Government of Australia, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Submission to the Review of Australia’s Bilateral Investment Treaties, 29 September 2020 (with Elizabeth Sheargold).
5. Council of Europe, Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, Drones and Targeted Killings: The Need to Uphold Human Rights, 30 September 2014.